What-Are-Cannabinoids

What Are Cannabinoids? Understanding The Endocannabinoid System

You may not have learned about the Endocannabinoid System (ECS) in high school, but scientific research over the past few decades has explored its role in the body. So, what are cannabinoids, and how do they interact with this complex system?

Cannabis – it’s often misunderstood and shunned. But now, the infamous plant is making its way back into the spotlight… and this time with a standing ovation.

That’s because in the 1990s, Cannabis led to groundbreaking discovery of the endocannabinoid system and ultimately, how the human body works.

So strap yourself in and put your prejudices aside, because we’re about to tell the tale of this extraordinary plant and its close connection with the human body.

What Is The Endocannabinoid System? 

The ECS is a biological system present in humans and animals that is being studied for its potential role in regulating various physiological processes. Research suggests that it may influence functions such as immune response, nervous system activity, metabolism, and mood. While the full extent of its role is still being explored, scientists have identified three main components of the ECS:

  1. Endocannabinoids – naturally occurring compounds in the body.

  2. Enzymes – responsible for breaking down endocannabinoids.

  3. Cannabinoid Receptors – known as CB1 and CB2, these interact with cannabinoids.

Ok, maybe that sounded like gobbledygook – so let’s make like an enzyme and break it down.

 What Are Cannabinoids?

Cannabinoids are naturally occurring compounds found both in the human body (endocannabinoids) and in plants like hemp and cannabis (phytocannabinoids). These compounds interact with cannabinoid receptors, though ongoing research is still working to understand the full extent of their effects.

Let’s look at it in more detail…

Endocannabinoids: Cannabinoids In The Body  

What-Are-Cannabinoids

Two well-known endocannabinoids are Anandamide and 2-Arachidonoyl Glycerol (2-AG). Scientists are studying how these compounds influence various functions within the body, but more research is needed to determine their exact roles.

And couldn’t we all do with a little bit more bliss right now?

2-AG was discovered after Anandamide, but it is no less remarkable in its function. It’s believed to be responsible for emotion, mood, cognition, pain and neuroinflammation.

Both anandamide and 2-AG play a vital role in how the brain adapts to change (spoiler alert: that’s pretty dang important.)

Still with us?

Phytocannabinoids: Cannabinoids In Cannabis

There are many cannabinoids found in plants, including:

  • THC (Tetrahydrocannabinol) – A well-known compound in cannabis that interacts with CB1 receptors.

  • CBD (Cannabidiol) – A non-intoxicating cannabinoid that has been widely studied for its potential applications.

  • CBG (Cannabigerol) – A lesser-known cannabinoid that is currently being researched for its properties.
  • CBC (Cannabichromene) – Another compound that researchers are studying to understand its potential interactions with the body.
What-Are-Cannabinoids
CB1 and CB2 receptors

The Entourage Effect

Some studies suggest that cannabinoids may work together synergistically, a concept known as the “entourage effect.” However, further research is needed to fully understand how different cannabinoids interact with each other and the ECS.

Cannabinoid Receptors: CB1 and CB2

To date, researchers have identified two main cannabinoid receptors:

  • CB1 receptors – Primarily found in the brain and central nervous system.

  • CB2 receptors – Commonly found in the immune system and peripheral organs.

The way cannabinoids interact with these receptors is still being explored, and scientists continue to investigate their potential effects on human health.

Ongoing Research and Considerations

While there is growing interest in the ECS and cannabinoids, it is important to note that research is still evolving. Many claims regarding cannabinoids are based on early-stage studies, and further clinical trials are needed to establish their full effects.

So there you have it: the science behind cannabis and the endocannabinoid system isn’t just anecdotal evidence from folks wearing tie-dye t-shirts. In fact, it’s serious stuff. Especially when you consider the endocannabinoid system regulates so many of our physical and mental processes…

We don’t mean to alarm you, but it’s kind of a big deal.

Disclaimer

This article is for informational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. The effects of cannabinoids are still being studied, and any potential benefits should be discussed with a qualified healthcare professional. Always refer to regulatory guidelines and legal requirements in your region when considering cannabinoid-related products.

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